Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Next-generation Candida albicans vaccine VXV-01 containing recombinant Als3p and Hyr1p antigens for invasive Candida infections

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-32488-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunogenicity of Als3p/Hyr1p dual antigen vaccine formulated with alum, CAF01, or BDX100 adjuvants. (A). Combination of Als3p/Hyr1p doses by checkerboard method. (B). Schematic of the experimental design for determining vaccine-induced immunogenicity is shown. The ICR CD-1 mice ( N = 5/group) vaccinated SC (Alum, CAF01) or IN (BDX100) with different vaccine formulations (Als3p and Hyr1p antigens ratio on the x-axis) on days 0 and 21. Two weeks after the final vaccination, serum antigen-specific IgG titers and T cells were evaluated using ELISA and FluroSpot assay, respectively. Comparison of (C). Anti-Als3p and (D). anti-Hyr1p IgG endpoint titers in alum, CAF01 or BDX100 adjuvant-antigen formulations. Anti-Als3p and anti-Hyr1p IgG endpoint titers in (E). alum, (F). CAF01, (G). BDX100 adjuvant-antigen formulations. (H). Heat map showing the mean frequency ( n = 5 mice/cell/formulation) of Als3p or Hyr1p-specific Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells (IFN- γ, IL-4 or IL17 producing cells) in mice vaccinated with alum, CAF01 or BDX100 vaccine formulations. Each row represents data from each vaccine formulation. (I). Bar graph showing Als3p or Hyr1p-specific Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells.

Article Snippet: For CD4 + T cell depletion, 200 μg/mouse dose of rat anti-mouse CD4 IgG2b (clone GK1.5, BioXcell, Cat #BE0003-1)) or rat IgG2b isotype antibodies (Clone: LTF-2, BioXcell, Cat #BE0090) were administered intraperitoneally on day − 3 and 0 relative to infection.

Techniques: Immunopeptidomics, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Flurospot, Comparison, Adjuvant, Formulation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Next-generation Candida albicans vaccine VXV-01 containing recombinant Als3p and Hyr1p antigens for invasive Candida infections

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-32488-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mechanism of VXV-01-mediated protection. Naïve mice or vaccinated mice ( n = 10 mice/group) were infected with C. albicans or C. auris . For vaccination, the VXV-01 or placebo (adjuvant only) was administered on days 0, 21, and 35 (for C. albicans infection) or days 0 and 21 (for C. auris infection). Mice were immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide and cortisone acetate for C. auris infection. Naïve mice ( n = 10 mice/group) infected with (A). C. albicans or (C). C. auris received two intraperitoneal anti-sera injections at 2 and 168 h relative to infection. Vaccinated mice ( n = 10 mice/group) received anti-CD4 or isotype control antibodies to deplete the CD T cells. The mice were infected with (B). C. albicans or (D). C. auris . Mice survivals were compared by Mantel-Cox test, and p < 0.5 was considered statistically significant.

Article Snippet: For CD4 + T cell depletion, 200 μg/mouse dose of rat anti-mouse CD4 IgG2b (clone GK1.5, BioXcell, Cat #BE0003-1)) or rat IgG2b isotype antibodies (Clone: LTF-2, BioXcell, Cat #BE0090) were administered intraperitoneally on day − 3 and 0 relative to infection.

Techniques: Infection, Adjuvant, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Next-generation Candida albicans vaccine VXV-01 containing recombinant Als3p and Hyr1p antigens for invasive Candida infections

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-32488-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: The durability of VXV-01 vaccine-induced immunity. The ICR (CD-1) mice were vaccinated sub-cutaneously with VXV-01 or placebo (adjuvant alone) on days: (A). 0, 21; or (B). 0, 21, 35. The serum anti-Als3p and anti-Hyr1p IgG endpoint titers and T cells were evaluated using ELISA and FluroSpot assay on days 14, 28, 90, 180, and 270 post-final vaccination. ( C ). Anti-Als3p, and ( D ). Hyr1p IgG endpoint titers and T-cell responses were compared between two and three vaccination schedules over the period of 270 days post-vaccination. Data presented as mean ± SE of N = 5 mice/group. ( E ). VXV-01 efficacy was tested after 15 weeks of final two doses vaccination regimen (day 0, 21) against C. auris infection in immunosuppressed mice ( N = 10 mice/group). Survival curves were compared by the Mantel-Cox test, and p < 0.5 was considered statistically significant.

Article Snippet: For CD4 + T cell depletion, 200 μg/mouse dose of rat anti-mouse CD4 IgG2b (clone GK1.5, BioXcell, Cat #BE0003-1)) or rat IgG2b isotype antibodies (Clone: LTF-2, BioXcell, Cat #BE0090) were administered intraperitoneally on day − 3 and 0 relative to infection.

Techniques: Adjuvant, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Flurospot, Infection

Journal: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII

Article Title: Combination of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related inhibition with ablative radiotherapy remodels the tumor microenvironment and enhances immunotherapy response in lung cancer

doi: 10.1007/s00262-024-03864-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: ATR inhibition-induced sensitization to radiotherapy and upregulation of cell surface PD-L1 expression. A Cell viability was determined via Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. B Response of lung cancer cells to radiation (0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 Gy) in the presence of ATR inhibitor berzosertib (40/80 nM) determined via colony formation assay. C ATR/p-ATR (Thr1989) in ATR inhibitor- and radiotherapy-treated cells detected via Western blotting. D Relative fold change in p-ATR (Thr1989) protein expression in A549, H226, and LLC cells. E , F Cell surface PD-L1 expression was analyzed via flow cytometry. Experimental groups contained four samples per group. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard error of the mean. Statistical significance was assessed using the Mann–Whitney U -test. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; ns, not significant

Article Snippet: The monoclonal antibodies against mouse PD-L1 (clone 10F.9G2, isotype rat IgG2b kappa) were purchased from Bio-Xcell (USA) [ , ].

Techniques: Inhibition, Expressing, Cell Counting, Colony Assay, Western Blot, Flow Cytometry, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Priming versus propagating: distinct immune effects of alpha- versus beta-particle emitting radiopharmaceuticals when combined with immune checkpoint inhibition in mice

doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-68834-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Confirmation of CD8 + depletion by flow cytometry. Gating strategy: Supplementary Fig. . B – K MC38 tumor-bearing mice received 2 Gy 90 Y-, 177 Lu-, or 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI (days −3/0/3) + αCD8 (anti-CD8 on days −5/0/5), RPT + ICI, RPT alone, or αCD8 alone. Effects of CD8 + depletion on tumor growth ( B – H ) and overall survival ( I – K ) are shown. L Flow cytometry treatment scheme. MC38 tumor-bearing mice were randomized to receive either 2 Gy 90 Y-, 177 Lu-, or 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI (days −3/0/3), ICI alone, or untreated control (No Tx). M , N Tumors were harvested on days −3, 4, 8, or 11 and dissociated. The tumor immune infiltrate was analyzed by flow cytometry. Gating strategy: Supplementary Fig. . O Co-culture experiment scheme. Created https://BioRender.com/22ha1p4 . P , Q TNF and IFNγ expression were measured by intracellular flow cytometry staining and analysis of peripheral CD8 + effector memory cells (CD8 + CD44 + CD62L − ) harvested from naïve C57BL/6 mice or treated MC38 tumor-bearing mice following 24 h of co-culture with MC38 or no tumor cells. Gating strategy: Supplementary Fig. . A – H ; M , N ; P , Q Results of one experiment. I – K Results of two independent experiments. A N = 15: depleted; n = 7: IgG2b control. B – H N = 7: 90 Y-, 177 Lu-, 225 Ac-NM600 ± ICI; n = 5: 90 Y-, 177 Lu-, 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI + αCD8, αCD8. I – K N = 17: 90 Y-, 177 Lu-, 225 Ac-NM600 ± ICI; n = 10: αCD8; n = 5: 90 Y-, 177 Lu-, 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI + αCD8. M , N N = 5/treatment group and timepoint except n = 4: 90 Y-NM600 + ICI Day 4; 90 Y-, 177 Lu-, 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI Day 11. P , Q N = 5: naïve, 2 Gy 90 Y-NM600 + ICI; n = 6: ICI, 2 Gy 177 Lu-NM600 + ICI; n = 7: 2 Gy 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI. Unpaired two-tailed t-test was used to compare CD8 + frequency between groups. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD post hoc test was used to compare flow cytometry results between treatment groups for each marker and timepoint and TNF or IFNγ expression between treatment groups within each co-culture condition. Linear mixed models were used to compare tumor volumes over time between various treatment groups. Statistical testing of the pairwise contrasts was adjusted for multiple comparisons using Tukey’s method. Log-rank test was used to compare survival. Error bars are SEM. O Created in BioRender. Jin, W. (2026) https://BioRender.com/22ha1p4 .

Article Snippet: CD8 + T cell depletion was performed by injection of anti-murine CD8α (Rat IgG2b, κ; Clone 2.43; BioXCell, Cat # BE0061) or IgG2b control (Rat IgG2b, κ; Clone LTF-2; BioXCell, Cat # BE0090) by 300 μg intraperitoneal injection on days −5, 0, and 5.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Control, Co-Culture Assay, Expressing, Staining, Two Tailed Test, Marker

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Priming versus propagating: distinct immune effects of alpha- versus beta-particle emitting radiopharmaceuticals when combined with immune checkpoint inhibition in mice

doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-68834-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: MC38 tumor-bearing mice received IgG2b control on days −5/0/5 (IgG2b), or 0, 0.2 Gy (0.4625 kBq), 2 Gy (4.625 kBq), 8 Gy (18.5 kBq) 225 Ac-NM600 on day 1 ± ICI on days −3/0/3. A Body weights. B Complete blood counts on day 23. WBC white blood cells, LYM lymphocytes, PLT platelets, HGB hemoglobin, RBC red blood cells. C TNF and IFNγ on peripheral CD8 + effector memory cells (CD8 + CD44 + CD62L − ) from naïve or MC38 tumor-bearing mice receiving the indicated treatment and following 24 h of co-culture with MC38 or no tumor cells (from Fig. ). D – L MC38 tumor-bearing mice received 8 Gy 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI, 8 Gy 225 Ac-NM600, ICI, or were untreated (No Tx). D Experimental scheme. Created with BioRender.com. Tumor growth ( E ) and overall survival ( F ) are shown. G Complete response (CR) rates ( H ) and percent of CR mice and naïve controls rejecting rechallenge with MC38 cells are shown. I – K Flow cytometry of blood from CR (MC38, Ac + ICI) or naïve mice (MC38, naïve). L Flow cytometry of splenocytes from CR 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI mice that did not (Ac + ICI tumor) or did reject rechallenge (Ac + ICI no tumor), CR ICI mice (ICI), naïve C57BL/6 mice following IV injection of MC38 cells (MC38 IV), and completely naïve C57BL/6 mice (Naïve). Gating strategies: Supplementary Figs. – . A , B ; C ; E – L Results of one experiment. A N = 7: all groups. B N = 5: naïve, 2 Gy 90 Y-NM600 + ICI; n = 6: ICI, 2 Gy 177 Lu-NM600 + ICI; n = 7: 0.2, 2, 8 Gy 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI. C N = 5: naïve; n = 6: ICI; n = 7: 0.2, 2, 8 Gy 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI. E – G N = 5/treatment group. H N = 5: 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI, naïve; n = 3: ICI. I – K N = 4/treatment group. L N = 4: MC38 IV, Naïve; n = 3: ICI; n = 2: Ac + ICI tumor, Ac + ICI no tumor. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD post hoc test was used to compare TNF or IFNγ expression, blood counts, CR rates, rechallenge rejection rates, and spleen flow cytometry. Unpaired two-tailed t-test was used to compare blood flow cytometry. Tumor volumes were compared using linear mixed models adjusted for multiple comparisons using Tukey’s method. Log-rank test was used to compare survival. Error bars are SEM. D Created in BioRender. Berg, T. (2026) https://BioRender.com/llbyoho, .

Article Snippet: CD8 + T cell depletion was performed by injection of anti-murine CD8α (Rat IgG2b, κ; Clone 2.43; BioXCell, Cat # BE0061) or IgG2b control (Rat IgG2b, κ; Clone LTF-2; BioXCell, Cat # BE0090) by 300 μg intraperitoneal injection on days −5, 0, and 5.

Techniques: Control, Co-Culture Assay, Flow Cytometry, IV Injection, Expressing, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Priming versus propagating: distinct immune effects of alpha- versus beta-particle emitting radiopharmaceuticals when combined with immune checkpoint inhibition in mice

doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-68834-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Paired TCR sequencing analysis performed on samples from B78 tumor-bearing mice used for single cell RNA sequencing. A – H Data presented are from samples from experiment depicted in Fig. . A UMAP plots of T cells stratified by sample. B TCR clonotype expansion ranges. C UMAP plots of T cells stratified by T cell subtype. D Clonal expansion by treatment group and T cell subtype. E D50 score by treatment group and T cell subtype. F Relative abundance of clonal indices for each treatment group and T cell subtype. G UpSet plot showing shared clonotypes between T cell subtypes for the 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI sample. Red box demarcates CD8 + effector and memory subsets; red arrow demarcates # of shared clonotypes between CD8 + effector and memory subsets (=11). H UpSet plots showing shared clonotypes between T cell subtypes for the 90 Y-, 177 Lu-, EBRT + ICI, and ICI alone samples. For each plot, red arrow demarcates # of shared clonotypes between CD8+ effector and memory subsets (=7 for each sample). A – H Results of one experiment. 3 mice/treatment group pooled into one sample/treatment group for TCR sequencing analysis. Numbers of cells analyzed provided in Supplementary Table . Number of cells analyzed: 90 Y-NM600 + ICI, n = 408; 177 Lu-NM600 + ICI, n = 993; 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI, n = 854; EBRT + ICI, n = 285; ICI, n = 977.

Article Snippet: CD8 + T cell depletion was performed by injection of anti-murine CD8α (Rat IgG2b, κ; Clone 2.43; BioXCell, Cat # BE0061) or IgG2b control (Rat IgG2b, κ; Clone LTF-2; BioXCell, Cat # BE0090) by 300 μg intraperitoneal injection on days −5, 0, and 5.

Techniques: Sequencing, Single Cell, RNA Sequencing

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Priming versus propagating: distinct immune effects of alpha- versus beta-particle emitting radiopharmaceuticals when combined with immune checkpoint inhibition in mice

doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-68834-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: A – D Data presented are from samples from experiment depicted in Fig. . A Pathway enrichment results for CD8 + effector T cells. The bluer the pathway, the lower the adjusted P, and thus the more significantly the pathway is altered. Differential gene expression heat map for interferon γ ( B ) and interferon α ( C ) response genes for CD8 + effector T cells. The color of each box represents the log 2 (fold change) of gene expression of 225 Ac-, 177 Lu-, 90 Y-NM600, or EBRT + ICI compared to ICI alone. D Incidence matrix of differential gene expression between treatment groups of the following: comparing cells where the shared clonotypes between effector and memory CD8 + T cells are between 7 and 11 (as shown in Fig. ), and they are amplified. Red arrow marks interferon-inducible gene, Ifi27l2a , which is upregulated in these shared clonotype CD8 + cell populations treated with 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI over each treatment group. A – D Results of one experiment. 3 mice/treatment group pooled into one sample/treatment group for single cell RNA sequencing TCR sequencing analysis. Benjamini–Hochberg method was used to correct for multiple comparison. Numbers of cells analyzed provided in Supplementary Table A – C 90 Y-NM600 + ICI, n = 6067; 177 Lu-NM600 + ICI, n = 9808; 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI, n = 6503; EBRT + ICI, n = 7045; ICI, n = 11,249 and Supplementary Table D 90 Y-NM600 + ICI, n = 123; 177 Lu-NM600 + ICI, n = 151; 225 Ac-NM600 + ICI, n = 45; EBRT + ICI, n = 36; ICI, n = 100.

Article Snippet: CD8 + T cell depletion was performed by injection of anti-murine CD8α (Rat IgG2b, κ; Clone 2.43; BioXCell, Cat # BE0061) or IgG2b control (Rat IgG2b, κ; Clone LTF-2; BioXCell, Cat # BE0090) by 300 μg intraperitoneal injection on days −5, 0, and 5.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Amplification, Single Cell, RNA Sequencing, Sequencing, Comparison

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: PET imaging of colon cancer CD73 expression using cysteine site-specific 89 Zr-labeled anti-CD73 antibody

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68987-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cysteine-site specific 89 Zr labeling of anti-CD73 IgG. ( A ) Non-reduced SDS-PAGE of unmodified, TCEP-reduced, and DFO-conjugated anti-CD73 IgG. The Amicon filtered lane refers to DFO-conjugated antibody following Amicon filtration to remove unconjugated reagents. ( B ) Autoradiography of peak fractions of 89 Zr-CD73 IgG by native PAGE (right). ( C ) Radioactivity profile of PD-10 column-eluted fractions. ( D ) In vitro stability of 89 Zr-CD73 IgG assessed by radio-iTLC.

Article Snippet: Rat IgG2a against mouse CD73 (clone TY/23; BioXcell, West Lebanon, NH) and isotype IgG2a (clone 2A3; BioXcell) were site-specifically conjugated with deferoxamine–maleimide on sulfhydryl residues as previously described .

Techniques: Labeling, SDS Page, Filtration, Autoradiography, Clear Native PAGE, Radioactivity, In Vitro

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: PET imaging of colon cancer CD73 expression using cysteine site-specific 89 Zr-labeled anti-CD73 antibody

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68987-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: CD73 expression and 89 Zr-CD73 IgG binding in colon cancer cells. ( A ) ( a ) Immunoblotting of CD73 in low-expressing parental CT26 and high-expressing CT26/CD73 cancer cells. ( b ) 89 Zr-CD73 IgG binding in CT26, CT26/CD73 cells, and in CT26/CD73 cells blocked with excess unlabeled anti-CD73 antibody. ( B ) The CD73 protein amount ( a ) and 89 Zr-CD73 IgG uptake level, ( b ) are increased proportionally to the CT26/CD73 cell content in a mixture of CT26/CD73 and CT26 cells. ( C ) Representative Lindmo binding assay. A conventional plot of specific and non-specific binding over total applied radioactivity, as a function of increasing cell concentration, is shown ( a ). A double inverse plot was drawn using the same data as those describing total applied radioactivity over specific binding, as a function of the inverse cell concentration ( b ). The immunoreactive fraction was determined through linear extrapolation to the ordinate. All data are the mean ± standard deviation values obtained from a single experiment (n = 3 per group).

Article Snippet: Rat IgG2a against mouse CD73 (clone TY/23; BioXcell, West Lebanon, NH) and isotype IgG2a (clone 2A3; BioXcell) were site-specifically conjugated with deferoxamine–maleimide on sulfhydryl residues as previously described .

Techniques: Expressing, Binding Assay, Western Blot, Radioactivity, Concentration Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: PET imaging of colon cancer CD73 expression using cysteine site-specific 89 Zr-labeled anti-CD73 antibody

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68987-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: CD73 expression and 89 Zr-CD73 IgG binding in 4T1.2 breast cancer cells. ( A ) Immunoblotting and quantified band intensities of CD73 protein in 4T1.2 cells compared to overexpressing CT26/CD73 cells. ( B ) 89 Zr-CD73 IgG binding in 4T1.2 cells compared to equal number of CT26/CD73 cells, and effect of blocking with excess unlabeled anti-CD73 antibody. All data are the mean ± standard deviation values obtained from a single experiment (n = 3 per group).

Article Snippet: Rat IgG2a against mouse CD73 (clone TY/23; BioXcell, West Lebanon, NH) and isotype IgG2a (clone 2A3; BioXcell) were site-specifically conjugated with deferoxamine–maleimide on sulfhydryl residues as previously described .

Techniques: Expressing, Binding Assay, Western Blot, Blocking Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: PET imaging of colon cancer CD73 expression using cysteine site-specific 89 Zr-labeled anti-CD73 antibody

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68987-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: 89 Zr-CD73 IgG PET/CT and biodistribution at 4 days in CT26 and CT26/CD73 tumor mice. ( A ) Coronal and transaxial tomographic PET images at 4 days post-injection showing high 89 Zr-CD73 IgG uptake in CT26/CD73 tumors (arrow). CD73-specific uptake was verified by low 89 Zr-CD73 IgG accumulation in CT26 tumors. Target specificity was further supported by low CT26/CD73 tumor-contrast in a separate control group injected with 89 Zr-isotype IgG. ( B ) Biodistribution data reiterated these findings by confirming greater 89 Zr-CD73 IgG uptake in CT26/CD73 tumors compared to CT26 tumors. ( C ) Furthermore, the CT26/CD73 tumor-to-blood ratio was significantly higher for 89 Zr-CD73 IgG compared to 89 Zr-isotype IgG. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation values obtained from a single experiment (n = 5 per group).

Article Snippet: Rat IgG2a against mouse CD73 (clone TY/23; BioXcell, West Lebanon, NH) and isotype IgG2a (clone 2A3; BioXcell) were site-specifically conjugated with deferoxamine–maleimide on sulfhydryl residues as previously described .

Techniques: Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, Injection, Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: PET imaging of colon cancer CD73 expression using cysteine site-specific 89 Zr-labeled anti-CD73 antibody

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68987-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: 89 Zr-CD73 IgG PET/CT and biodistribution at 8 days in CT26 and CT26/CD73 tumor mice. ( A ) Coronal tomographic and maximum intensity–projection (MIP) 89 Zr-CD73 IgG PET/CT in CT26 (left) or CT26/CD73 tumor-bearing mice (middle), and 89 Zr-isotype IgG PET/CT in CT26/CD73 tumor mice (right). ( B ) Biodistribution data of mice as above at 8 days post-injection. (C) Again, the CT26/CD73 tumor-to-blood ratio was significantly higher for 89 Zr-CD73 IgG compared to 89 Zr-isotype IgG. Data are the mean ± standard error of obtained from two independent experiments (n = 5 per group).

Article Snippet: Rat IgG2a against mouse CD73 (clone TY/23; BioXcell, West Lebanon, NH) and isotype IgG2a (clone 2A3; BioXcell) were site-specifically conjugated with deferoxamine–maleimide on sulfhydryl residues as previously described .

Techniques: Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, Injection

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: PET imaging of colon cancer CD73 expression using cysteine site-specific 89 Zr-labeled anti-CD73 antibody

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68987-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: CD73 expression in CT26 and CT26/CD73 tumor tissues. ( A ) Immunoblotting for CD73 and β-actin. Note that CD73 bands in CT26 tumors were detected only by long exposure times (middle) while they were detected in CT26/CD73 tumors by short exposure times (top). ( B ) Immunohistochemistry showing strong CD73 staining in CT26/CD73 tumors ( a ) and weak staining in CT26 tumors ( b ). Arrows point to tumor cells with positive CD73 staining. The area in the box for the lower magnified images (top; ×40) are shown in the higher magnified images (bottom ×100).

Article Snippet: Rat IgG2a against mouse CD73 (clone TY/23; BioXcell, West Lebanon, NH) and isotype IgG2a (clone 2A3; BioXcell) were site-specifically conjugated with deferoxamine–maleimide on sulfhydryl residues as previously described .

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, Staining

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: PET imaging of colon cancer CD73 expression using cysteine site-specific 89 Zr-labeled anti-CD73 antibody

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68987-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: 89 Zr-CD73 IgG PET/CT and biodistribution at 8 days in 4T1.2 tumor mice. ( A ) Coronal tomographic and maximum intensity-projection (MIP) 89 Zr-CD73 (left) and 89 Zr-isotype IgG (middle) PET/CT in mice bearing CT26/CD73 tumors. Transaxial tomographs are shown in the right. ( B ) Biodistribution data of mice as above at 8 days post-injection. ( C ) Again, the CT26/CD73 tumor-to-blood ratio was significantly higher for 89 Zr-CD73 IgG compared to 89 Zr-isotype IgG. Data are presented as the mean ± standard error of obtained from two independent experiments (n = 5 per group).

Article Snippet: Rat IgG2a against mouse CD73 (clone TY/23; BioXcell, West Lebanon, NH) and isotype IgG2a (clone 2A3; BioXcell) were site-specifically conjugated with deferoxamine–maleimide on sulfhydryl residues as previously described .

Techniques: Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, Injection

Journal: IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering

Article Title: Single Treatment Boiling Histotripsy Focused Ultrasound Ablation Neither Negates nor Enhances the Activity of α -CD40 in a Pancreatic Cancer Model

doi: 10.1109/TBME.2025.3568594

Figure Lengend Snippet: BH treatment does not augment the effectiveness of α -CD40 immunotherapy. 250 K KPC7940b cells were implanted in the right flank of mice and tumors were exposed to BH or sham treatment on day 14 and α -CD40 or IgG control mAbs on day 16. An additional group was treated with BH only after the immunotherapy was administered (a) Timeline representing the implantation, treatment, and measurements. (b) Group growth curves. n = 6–12 per group. Mixed effect model with Šidák correction was fitted to the data. (c) Area under the curve (AUC). Data were analyzed with Tukey’s multiple comparison test. (d) Kaplan-Maier curve of overall survival. Mantel-Cox test was used to establish the significance. Data in (b) and (c) are presented as means±SEM. This experiment was repeated once.

Article Snippet: On day 16 post-implantation 100 μ g of agonistic anti-mouse CD40 antibodies (FGK4.5; Ichorbio, #ICH1073) or rat IgG2a isotype control antibodies (2A3, BioXCell #BE0089) were diluted in 0.9% saline and administered i.p. to the appropriate treatment groups.

Techniques: Control, Comparison

Journal: IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering

Article Title: Single Treatment Boiling Histotripsy Focused Ultrasound Ablation Neither Negates nor Enhances the Activity of α -CD40 in a Pancreatic Cancer Model

doi: 10.1109/TBME.2025.3568594

Figure Lengend Snippet: BH treatment alone results in lasting cDCs accumulation in the TME. 250 K KPC7940b cells were implanted in the right flank of mice and tumors were exposed to BH or sham treatment on day 14 and α -CD40 or IgG control mAbs on day 16 (a) Timeline representing the implantation, treatment, and tumor harvest for flow cytometry. (b) Concatenated scatter plots depicting cDCs subsets – XCR1+ cDC1s and SIRP- α + cDC2s. (c)–(e) Total cDCs (C) and the respective subsets – cDC1s ((d)) and cDC2s ((e)). The top graphs indicate cell counts per gram of tumor tissue, while the bottom charts display the frequency of cells of interest out of CD45+ ((c)) or cDCs ((d), (e)). n = 5–10 per group. Data were analyzed with Tukey’s or Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparison test. All bar graphs present data as means±SD. This experiment was performed once.

Article Snippet: On day 16 post-implantation 100 μ g of agonistic anti-mouse CD40 antibodies (FGK4.5; Ichorbio, #ICH1073) or rat IgG2a isotype control antibodies (2A3, BioXCell #BE0089) were diluted in 0.9% saline and administered i.p. to the appropriate treatment groups.

Techniques: Control, Flow Cytometry, Comparison